It is grow in forest of the himalaya from kashmir, tibet, afghanistan. In pakistan, podophyllum hexandrum is on the verge of being endangered due to. Podophyllum hexandrum royle of family berberidaceae is an endangered medicinal plant. The present study was designed to separate and identify the biochemical composition and antioxidant capacity of extracts from p. Podophyllum pleianthum is a perennial growing to 0. Cultivation and propagation of podophyllum hexandrum bankakdi. It consists of the dried rhizome and root of podophyllum hexandrum royle podophyllum emodi. Sinopodophyllum hexandrum himalayan may applerhs gardening. In the case of podophyllum hexandrum, ga3 reduced the long temperature cycling period to a few weeks at room temperature, and it save a years worth of growth. Podophyllum hexandrum emodi seeds sinopodophyllum hexandrum syn. Sep 17, 2019 podophyllum is highly poisonous when taken by mouth. Podophyllum article about podophyllum by the free dictionary. Podophyllum hexandrum royle, commonly referred to as the himalayanindian mayapple, is an endangered perennial herb belonging to the family berberidaceae, which is distributed on the lower slopes of the himalayas in scrub and forest, from afghanistan to central china 1.
Podophyllum hexandrum royle india biodiversity portal. Biotechnology and applied biochemistry, 42 1, 8192. Podophyllum hexandrum himalayan may apple pfaf plant. This is a shade loving, clumpforming perennial that typically grows to 1824 tall. Plants profile for podophyllum hexandrum himalayan mayapple. Radioprotective nature of podophyllum hexandrum himalayan. The drugs may be distinguished chemically by adding a few drops of strong solution of copper. Thomas is an endangered and valuable medicinal plant. Plant body contains about 8% of podophylloresin from. The plant contains podophyllin, which has an antimiotic effect it interferes with cell division and can thus prevent the growth of cells. Current study is designed to analyse the radioprotective efficacy of p. Studies have shown that the podophyllum hexandrum is a difficult plant to grow indeed, and mass scale grow ops of the plant have so far proven a failure.
In the great continental divorce about 250 million years ago, most of the really cool mayapple species were on the wrong side of the great crack and got stuck in china. The stems grow to 3040 cm tall, with palmately lobed umbrellalike leaves up to 2040 cm diameter with 39. The amount of resin and podophyllum toxin is greater in indian podophyllum. Biochemical composition and antioxidant capacity of. They may be white or commonly, soft pink, adding to their attraction. If the inline pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here. This effect may have further lead to downregulation of p53 and up regulation of bcl2 protein expression, which may have possible contributions toward reduction of apoptosis and enhanced.
The sought after species and hybrids are those from china, with some remarkable coloring as well a attractive flowers in spring. Methyl jasmonate treatment increases podophyllotoxin. Both rheum emodi and podophyllum hexandrum inhibited bacillus megaterium mtcc 1684 and pseudomonas aeruginosa mtcc 3541 with zone of inhibition ranging between 0. Podophyllum a genus of plants of the family podophyllaceae. Sinopodophyllum is an herbaceous perennial plant in the family berberidaceae, described as a genus in 1979. Podophyllum hexandrum royle berberidaceae also known as the indian podophyllum is a perennial herb, growing on the lower slopes of the himalayas in scrub and forest from afghanistan eastwards to central china1,2,3,4. Podophyllum wikibooks, open books for an open world. Podophyllum peltatum 30 uses, benefits podophyllum.
The one remaining species is podophyllum peltatum, with common names mayapple. Treating genital warts is done in a doctors office. The results were compared with the extracts obtained by accelerated solvent extraction ase and soxhlets methods. If youve only seen our native podophyllum peltatum, you have missed some of the great joys of the genus podophyllum. Other podophyllotoxin producing plants in this genus are podophyllum sikkimensis and podophyllum pleianthum jackson and dewick 1985. Podophyllum hexandrum under in vitro culture conditions. The plants eventually grow 2030 tall and, although not as heavily mottled as p.
Home homeopathic medicine podophyllum peltatum 30 uses, benefits podophyllum materia medica homeopathic medicine podophyllum peltatum 30 uses, benefits podophyllum materia medica. The lignan contents comprised of podophyllotoxin, deoxypodophyllotoxin, 4. Podophyllum l an endergered and anticancerous medicinal. Nevertheless, some people take it orally for yellowed skin, liver ailments, fever, syphilis, hearing loss, and cancer. The one remaining species is podophyllum peltatum, with common names mayapple, american mandrake, wild mandrake, and ground lemon. Enhancement of radiationinduced apoptosis by podophyllum hexandrum. Nov 09, 2018 podophyllum resin is made from the extracts of certain plants such as american mandrake, may apple, ducks foot, indian apple. Role of active principles of podophyllum hexandrum in. Dec 07, 2019 if you get podophyllum resin in the eyes, flush right away with cool water and get medical help. Roots were efficiently established on wpm media supplemented with iaa 1. American podophyllum consists of dried rhizomes and roots of p. Podophyllum hexandrum against the bacteria and fungi used were qualitatively assessed by the presence of inhibition zones. The rhizomes of podophyllum hexandrum are known to contain several lignans which are dimerisation product of phenylpropanoid. Podophyllum hexandrum health effects and herbal facts.
For external use, podophyllum can treatment of skin cancer. Podophyllum hexandrum and its forms are not available for export outside of the uk and eu. Lignan and nutrient concentrations in american mayapple. Podophyllum hexandrum himalayan may apple pfaf plant database. A protocol has been development for in vitro rooting and hardening and en vitro transplant of podophyllum hexandrum royle. Experimental radiation oncology, md anderson cancer center. Podophyllum strong silent type from our breeding work with podophyllum, comes a very vigorous hybrid between a good form of pleianthum and a robust delavayi hybrid. Results meja elicitation and ptox accumulation the cell suspension culture of p. Podophyllum pleianthum, commonly called chinese mayapple, is native to central and southeastern china.
Podophyllum is highly poisonous when taken by mouth. In pakistan it is found at higher elevations of himalaya, gilgit, chitral, azad kashmir. Podophyllum is a genus of six species of herbaceous perennial plants in the family berberidaceae, native to eastern asia five species and eastern north america one species. Podophyllum peltatum contains 45% podophyllum resin, whereas p.
Podophyllum hexandrum june ers in this species are also located at the apex of the paired leaves but. Podophyllum resin topical is not for use inside the vagina, cervix, rectum, or urethra the tube for passing urine out of your bladder. Genus podophyllum are rhizomatous perennials with lobed leaves, varying in shape from hexagon to starburst, with a central stem. Indian institute of integrative medicine csir, br sanatnagar srinagar, kashmir india. Podophyllum hexandrum extract puronature extracts inc. Later in the season, a nodding, eggsized, bright red. The himalayan mayapple stands above other podophyllum species, with unusual1 soft pink, poppylike flowers born above beautifully patterned foliage in spring. This very choice plant has marbled bronze, trilliumlike leaves, which erupt through the ground like folded umbrellas. The rhizome of the plant contains a resin, known generally and commercially as indian podophyllum resin, which can be processed to extract podophyllotoxin or. Podophyllum hexandrum royle, a source of highly valued podophyllotoxin has been subjected to heavy collection from the wild. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
Podophyllum is used for rheumatic arthralgia, the injury due to falling, cardialgia and stomach ache, cough due to pathogenic windcold, irregular menstruation. Berberidaceae, a highaltitude plant species native to the. Research open access proteins differentially expressed in. Aug 23, 2011 podophyllum hexandrums are becoming quite rare in their natural habitat, in fact, the plant is now considered endangered. Media in category podophyllum this category contains only the following file. The extract exhibited significant activity in scavenging 1, 1diphenyl2picrylhydrazyl radicals, oh radicalmediated dna damage, and lipid peroxide.
Podophyllum hexandrum at digging dog mail order nursery. It is in flower from may to june, and the seeds ripen from july to august. Podophyllum hexandrum royle himalayan mayapple subordinate taxa. A breathtaking herbal plant of himalaya podophyllum hexandrum arti sharma1 and ranjeet singh2 1,2 carrier point university life science department, kota rajasthan abstract podophyllum hexandrum royle syn p. Podophyllum hexandrum treatment inhibited the translocation of free nf k b from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and could explain its antiinflammatory effects. Indian podophyllum podophyllum hexandrum closely resembles american podophyllum podophyllum peltatum i. This initial experience with ga3 was very positive, and i plan to use more of it next year. Podophyllum hexandrum himalayan mayapple extract provides radioprotection by modulating the expression of proteins associated with apoptosis.
The plants are sometimes included in the family berberidaceae. Production of podophyllotoxin from podophyllum hexandrum. Pdf podophyllum hexandrum a versatile medicinal plant. During the plenary session all the experts freely interacted with the participants. Other common names himalayan may apple himalayan mandrake. Podophyllum resin topical for the skin is used to treat genital. These have large, rather olivegreen leaves touched in mottled light bronze especially. Growing podophyllum hexandrum himalayan may apple from seed. Podophyllum can be applied in the pharmaceutical field. In the past, several species were included in the genus, but all but one have been transferred to other genera dysosma and sinopodophyllum.
Podophyllum hexandrum royle show all show tabs himalayan mayapple general information. Podophyllum pleianthum may be considered the big daddy of the genus, with flat, hexagonal disklike leaves of shiny green that can be twenty inches across. Common names include himalayan may apple and indian may apple. Podophyllum hexandrum royle, commonly referred to as the himalayanindian mayapple, is an endangered perennial herb belonging to the family berberidaceae, which is distributed on the lower slopes of the himalayas in scrub and forest, from afghanistan to central china. It is categorized as globally rare plant in iucn red list. The perennial herb podophyllum hexandrum, bearing the common names himalayan mayapple or indian may apple, is native to the lower elevations in and surrounding the himalaya. Podophyllum hexandrum royle sinopodophyllum hexandrum royle t. Podophyllum hexandrum royle accepted name himalayan mayapple plantae tracheophyta magnoliopsida ranunculales berberidaceae podophyllum podophyllum hexandrum royle.
Deoxypodophyllotoxin dppt is extracted from podophyllum peltatum, podophyllum pleianthum, podophyllum emodi podophyllum hexandrum, and diphylleia grayi hu et al. Podophyllum is an herbaceous perennial plant in the family berberidaceae, described as a genus by linnaeus in 1753. The whole plant, but especially the root, is cholagogue, cytostatic and purgative. High throughput transcriptome sequences or genomic sequence data from the indian mayapple are essential for further understanding of the podophyllotoxin biosynthetic pathway. Podophyllaceae medicinal use of himalayan may apple. Each plant bears a single stem crowned with one or two, large, very glossy, shallowlylobed 610 lobes each, umbrellashaped leaves to 1216 wide. Podophyllum peltatum, commonly called mayapple, is a rhizomatous, native missouri wildflower that occurs in both moist and dry woodland areas throughout the state.
An effective, conventional regeneration method is seed propagation. Proteins differentially expressed in elicited cell suspension. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Heralding spring, this captivating woodland native of asia minor, the himalayas and central china pushes a glossy green, folded umbrellalike leaf up through the soil at the top of each stem. From a single stem, each plant grows 1218 tall and features one or two, deeplydivided, palmatelylobed, umbrellalike, pale green leaves to 12 diameter. Podophyllum veripellis and podophyllum hexandrum are two others with remarkable foliage. The popular cultivar spotty dotty is ah asian species, podophyllum delavayi is known as the chinese mayapple. Proteome science proteins differentially expressed in elicited cell suspension culture of podophyllum hexandrum with enhanced podophyllotoxin content dipto bhattacharyya 0 1 ragini sinha 0 1 srijani ghanta 0 1 amrita chakraborty 0 1 saptarshi hazra 0 1 sharmila chattopadhyay 0 1 0 plant biology laboratory, csirindian institute of chemical biology, 4, raja s. It includes only one known species, sinopodophyllum hexandrum, native to afghanistan, bhutan, northern india, kashmir, nepal, pakistan, and western china gansu, qinghai, shaanxi, sichuan, tibet, yunnan. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs. Commercially exploitable sources of podophyllotoxin are few and currently it is obtained for drug use from dried rhizome and roots of podophyllum sps. Podophyllum is also used to empty the bowels, kill parasitic worms in the intestine, and counteract snakebite. It is low to the ground with glossy green, drooping, lobed leaves on its few stiff branches, and it bears a pale pink flower and bright redorange bulbous fruit. We identified precursor and mature mirnas in the p.
Radioprotective nature of podophyllum hexandrum himalayan mayapple. In good moist soil this treasure is spectacular and very longlived. The himalayan or indian mayapple podophyllum hexandrum royle produces podophyllotoxin, which is used in the production of semisynthetic anticancer drugs. The tribe podophylleae, consisting of podophyllum including sinopodophyllum and dysosma and diphylleia, is rich in various podophyllotoxin lignans zhao et al.
Podophyllum resin topical for the skin is used to treat genital and anal warts in adults. Find the perfect podophyllum hexandrum stock photo. The present study has focused on the radioprotective potential of g002m formulation prepared by combination of three active compounds isolated from. The leaves are thick and textured, with prominent veins and often marbled or mottled in shades of green and brown. Podophyllum hexandrum aqueous extract as a potential free. Podophyllotoxin is an anticancer compound found in high concentrations in indian mayapple podophyllum emodii wall. They are woodland plants, typically growing in colonies derived from a single root. Podophyllum hexandrum bankakdi is a very important high valued temperate medicinal plant which is known for its medicinal property in treatment of specific types of cancers.
Transcripts targeted by mirnas that are possibly related to phenylpropanoid and podophyllotoxin biosynthesis include cytochrome b6. Production of lignans in callus culture of podophyllum hexandrum. In vitro rooting of podophyllum hexandrum and transplanting. Berberidaceae podophyllum hexandrum royle sinopodophyllum hexandrum royle t. Radiation induced reactive oxygennitrogen species rosrns are reported to cause lung injuries such as pneumonitis and fibrosis which may be fatal at times. Crystalline white flower cups produce enormous brilliantred fruits, as large as a bantams egg. Berberidaceae has been found to be a potent scavenger of free radicals induced by ionizing radiation 2024. The composition of lignans extracted from podophyllum hexandrum rhizomes was studied by sequential extraction with supercritical co2, ethyl acetate modified co2 and methanol modified co2.
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